The shares are shares in the company, distributed in order to raise funds for restructuring, expansions, etc;
What determines mainly the long run, if the value of a stock will rise or descend is the company's performance - if she can profit and expands, is likely to rise, otherwise it may present devaluation;
It is much easier and predictable determine the future of the company (and thus the value of the shares) from the analysis of it, than determine the future value of a stock only for graphic designing its variation (the rise in value does not necessarily mean we have high worth then if it was all so predictable so we would not have seen so many people losing money in stocks and funds in the past year).
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